Shanghai Vithy Inobudirira Co-Hosts iyo China International Nickel & Cobalt Indasitiri Forum 2024: Insights uye Filtration Applications.

I.Nhanganyaya

Iyo nickel uye cobalt indasitiri chinhu chakakosha cheiyo isiri-ferrous sector, iri kuona kukura kwakanaka mumakore achangopfuura. Sekuchinja kwezvakatipoteredza, sekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kunotora nzvimbo yepakati, nickel inoita basa rakakosha mumagetsi emagetsi akachena, kunyanya mumabhatiri emagetsi matsva. Nekudaro, indasitiri iyi yakatarisana nematambudziko akati wandei, anosanganisira kushomeka kwemba kwenickel uye cobalt zviwanikwa, kushanduka kukuru kwemitengo mumusika wepasi rose nickel uye cobalt, kuwedzera kukwikwidza mukati meindastiri, uye kuwanda kwezvipingamupinyi zvekutengeserana kwenyika.

 

Nhasi, shanduko yekuenda kune yakaderera-kabhoni simba yave kutariswa kwepasirese, ichikwevera kuwedzera kutarisisa kune akakosha simbi senge nickel necobalt. Sezvo nyika yepasi rose nickel necobalt indasitiri inoshanduka nekukurumidza, kukanganisa kwemitemo kubva kunyika dziri muEurope neNorth America pachikamu chesimba idzva kuri kuwedzera kuoneka. China International Nickel & Cobalt Indasitiri Forum 2024 yakaitwa kubva Gumiguru 29 kusvika 31 muNanchang, Jiangxi Province, China. Iyi foramu ine chinangwa chekusimudzira hutano uye kurongeka kusimudzira muindasitiri yepasi rose nickel necobalt kuburikidza nekukurukurirana kukuru nekubatana panguva yechiitiko. Semubatsiri wemusangano uyu, Shanghai Vithy Filter System Co., Ltd. inofara kugovera ruzivo uye kuunza kusefa maapplication anoenderana neindasitiri.

 

 

II. Insights kubva kuNickel uye Cobalt Forum

 

1.Nickel uye Cobalt Lithium Insights

(1) Cobalt: Kuwedzera kwemitengo yemhangura neye nickel munguva pfupi yapfuura kwakonzera kuwedzera kwekudyara uye kusunungurwa kwesimba, zvichikonzera kuwandisa kwenguva pfupi kwecobalt mbishi zvinhu. Maonero emitengo yecobalt anoramba asina tariro, uye gadziriro dzinofanirwa kuitwa kuti dzikwanise kubuda mumakore anotevera. Muna 2024, cobalt yepasi rose inotarisirwa kudarika kudiwa nematani 43,000, pamwe nehuwandu hunofungidzirwa hwematani anopfuura 50,000 muna 2025. Kuwedzerwa uku kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekukura kwekukurumidza kwehuwandu padivi rekupa, kunokurudzirwa nekukwira kwemhangura uye nickel mitengo kubva ku2020 mapurojekiti eDemocratic Republic. iyo Congo uye nickel hydrometallurgical mapurojekiti muIndonesia. Nekuda kweizvozvo, cobalt iri kugadzirwa yakawandisa sechigadzirwa.

 

Cobalt kunwiwa kunotarisirwa kupora muna 2024, nekukura-pagore kwekukura kwe10.6%, inotungamirwa nekudzoreredza mu3C (kombuta, kutaurirana, uye zvemagetsi zvevatengi) kudiwa uye kuwedzera kwechikamu chenickel-cobalt ternary mabhatiri. Nekudaro, kukura kunotarisirwa kunonoka kusvika 3.4% muna 2025 nekuda kwekuchinja munzira yetekinoroji yemabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi matsva, zvichikonzera kuwanda kwecobalt sulfate uye zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwemakambani. Mutengo wepakati pakati pesimbi cobalt necobalt munyu uri kuwedzera, nekugadzirwa kwesimbi cobalt kwemba kuri kukurumidza kuwedzera kusvika matani makumi maviri nerimwe, 42,000 matani, uye 60,000 matani muna 2023, 2024, uye 2025, zvichiteerana, inosvika makumi manomwe neshanu. Kuwedzeredza kuri kusimuka kubva mucobalt munyu kuenda kusimbi cobalt, zvichiratidza mukana wekuwedzera kuderera kwemutengo mune ramangwana. Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekutarisa muindasitiri yecobalt zvinosanganisira geopolitical pesvedzero pakupa zviwanikwa, kuvhiringika kwekufambisa kunokanganisa kuwanikwa kwezvinhu, kumira kwekugadzirwa mumapurojekiti e nickel hydrometallurgical, uye mitengo yakaderera yecobalt inokurudzira kushandiswa. Iyo yakanyanyisa mutengo gaka pakati pecobalt simbi necobalt sulfate inotarisirwa kudzikama, uye mitengo yakaderera yecobalt inogona kuwedzera kudyiwa, kunyanya muzvikamu zviri kukurumidza kukura zvakaita sehungwaru hwekugadzira, drones, uye marobhoti, zvichiratidza ramangwana rakajeka reindasitiri yecobalt.

 

 

(2)Lithium: Nenguva pfupi, lithium carbonate inogona kuwedzera mumutengo nekuda kwekunzwa kwema macroeconomic, asi iyo yose yepamusoro inogona kukwana. Global lithium resource production inofungidzirwa kusvika 1.38 miriyoni matani LCE muna 2024, 25% gore-pa-gore kuwedzera, uye 1.61 miriyoni matani LCE muna 2025, kuwedzera 11%. Africa inotarisirwa kupa chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chekuwedzera kwekukura muna 2024, nekuwedzera kwe80,000 matani LCE. Mudunhu, migodhi yeLithium yeAustralia inofungidzirwa kuti ichagadzira matani mazana mana nemakumi mana nemakumi mana ezviuru zveLCE muna 2024, nekuwedzera kwe32,000 matani eLCE, nepo Africa inotarisirwa kuburitsa matani zviuru zana nemakumi mana ezviuru zveLCE muna 2024, inogona kusvika 220,000 matani eLCE muSouth America ichiri kugadzirwa. mitengo ye20-25% inotarisirwa kumadziva emunyu muna 2024-2025. MuChina, kugadzirwa kwe lithium resource kunofungidzirwa kusvika 325,000 matani LCE muna 2024, kuwedzera kwe37% gore negore, uye inotarisirwa kusvika 415,000 matani LCE muna 2025, uye kukura kunononoka kusvika 28%. Pakazosvika 2025, madziva emunyu anogona kupfuura lithium mica senzvimbo huru yekuwanikwa kwelithium munyika. Iyo yekugovera-yekudiwa kweyero inotarisirwa kuramba ichikura kubva pamazana zana nemakumi matatu ezviuru zvematani kusvika mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemazana maviri uyezve kusvika mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu ematani eLCE kubva 250,000 kusvika 2023, nekudzikira kwakakosha kwezvakasara zvinotarisirwa ne2027.

 

Mutengo wepasi rose welithium zviwanikwa unorongedzerwa sezvizvi: munyu madziva < mhiri kwemakungwa lithium migodhi < mudzimba mica migodhi < recycling. Nekuda kwehukama hwepedyo pakati pemitengo yemarara nemitengo yenzvimbo, mutengo unonyanya kutsamira paupfu dema uye mitengo yebhatiri yakashandiswa. Muna 2024, pasi rose lithium munyu kudiwa inotarisirwa kunge inosvika 1.18-1.20 miriyoni matani LCE, ine inoenderana mutengo curve ye76,000-80,000 yuan/ton. Mutengo wemakumi masere muzana wakatenderedza 70,000 yuan/ton, unonyanyo fambiswa nemigodhi yemhando yepamusoro-giredhi mica, African lithium migodhi, uye mimwe migodhi yekumhiri kwemakungwa. Mamwe makambani amisa kugadzirwa nekuda kwekudzikira kwemitengo, uye kana mitengo ikakwira pamusoro pe80,000 yuan, makambani aya anogona kukurumidza kutangazve kugadzira, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekumanikidza. Kunyangwe mamwe mapurojekiti e-lithium resource mhiri kwemakungwa ari kufambira mberi zvishoma pane zvanga zvichitarisirwa, maitiro ese anoramba ari ekuwedzera, uye mamiriro ekuwedzera epasi rose haana kudzoserwa kumashure, nekuwanda kwemari yemukati kuri kuramba kuchimanikidza kudzoserwa mukana.

 

2. Market Communication Insights

Zvirongwa zvekugadzira zveMbudzi zvakagadziridzwa zvichikwira zvichienzaniswa nezororo repashure-Gumiguru, paine kumwe kusiyanisa mukugadzirwa pakati pemafekitori e-lithium iron phosphate. Vanotungamira vagadziri velithium iron phosphate vanochengetedza kushandiswa kwehukuru hwepamusoro, nepo mabhizinesi eternary akaona kuderera kushoma mukugadzirwa kweanenge 15%. Zvisinei neizvi, kutengeswa kwelithium cobalt oxide nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvawedzera, uye maodha haana kuratidza kudzikira kwakanyanya, zvichitungamira kune tarisiro yekuda kwevanogadzira zvinhu zvemukati cathode munaNovember.

 

Kubvumirana kwemusika pazasi kwemitengo yelithium kwakatenderedza 65,000 yuan/ton, ine huwandu hwepamusoro hwe85,000-100,000 yuan/ton. Iyo yakaderera mukana welithium carbonate mitengo inoratidzika ishoma. Sezvo mitengo inodonha, misika inoda kutenga zvinhu zvepanzvimbo inowedzera. Nekunwiwa kwepamwedzi kwe70,000-80,000 matani uye yakawandisa hesiti yematani anosvika zviuru makumi matatu, kuvapo kwevazhinji vatengesi nevatengesi venguva yemberi kunoita kuti zvive nyore kugaya izvi zvakasara. Pamusoro pezvo, pasi pemamiriro ehupfumi ane tariro, kusava netariro kwakanyanya hakugoneke.

 

 

Kusasimba kuchangobva kuitika munickel kunokonzerwa nekuti RKAB's 2024 quotas inogona chete kushandiswa mukupera kwegore, uye chero isina kushandiswa quotas haigone kuendeswa kune rinouya. Pakupera kwaZvita, nickel ore kupihwa kunotarisirwa kudzikisira, asi mitsva yepyrometallurgical uye hydrometallurgical mapurojekiti achauya online, zvichiita kuti zviome kuwana yakasununguka yekugovera mamiriro. Yakabatana nemitengo yeLME iri pakudzikira kwazvino, maprimiyamu e nickel ore haana kuwedzera nekuda kwekurerutsa kwekupa, uye mapremium ari kudzikira.

 

Nezve nhaurirano dzenguva refu dzekondirakiti dzegore rinouya, ine nickel, cobalt, uye lithium mitengo zvese pazviyero zvakaderera, vagadziri vecathode vanowanzo taura kusawirirana mukuderedzwa kwekondirakiti yenguva refu. Vagadziri vebhatiri vanoramba vachiisa "mabasa asingagoneki" kune vanogadzira cathode, ine lithium salt discounts pa90%, nepo mhinduro kubva kune vanogadzira munyu welithium inoratidza kuti kuderedzwa kunowanzo kutenderedza 98-99%. Pamazinga emitengo yakaderera aya, maitiro evatambi vari kumusoro nepasi vakadzikama zvichienzaniswa nenguva imwe cheteyo gore rapfuura, pasina kunyanyisa kusimba. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune nickel uye cobalt, uko kusanganiswa kwezviyo zve nickel kunyungudutsa kuri kuwedzera, uye kutengeswa kwekunze kweMHP (Mixed Hydroxide Precipitate) kwakanyanyisa, zvichivapa simba guru rekutengesa. Pamitengo yakaderera ikozvino, vatengesi vekumusoro vari kusarudza kusatengesa, vachiri kufunga kutanga kutora kana LME nickel yakwira pamusoro pe16,000 yuan. Vatengesi vanotaura kuti MHP discount yegore rinotevera ndeye 81, uye nickel sulfate vagadziri vachiri kushanda mukurasikirwa. Muna 2024, nickel sulfate mitengo inogona kukwira nekuda kwemitengo yakakwira yezvigadzirwa (marara uye MHP).

 

3. Zvinotarisirwa Kutsauka

Kukura kwegore-pagore mukudiwa panguva ye "Golden Gumiguru neSirivha Gumiguru" inogona kunge isiri yakakwira seye "Golden Kurume neSilver Kubvumbi" pakutanga kwegore rino, asi kupera kwemuswe kwemwaka wepamusoro waNovember zvechokwadi kunogara kwenguva refu kupfuura zvaitarisirwa. Mutemo wepamba wekutsiva mota dzemagetsi dzekare nedzitsva, pamwe nemirairo kubva mhiri kwemakungwa mapurojekiti makuru ekuchengetedza, yakapa tsigiro mbiri kumuswe wekupedzisira welithium carbonate kudiwa, nepo kudiwa kwelithium hydroxide kunoramba kushoma. Nekudaro, kuchenjerera kunodiwa maererano nekuchinja kwemaodha emabhatiri emagetsi mushure mepakati-Mbudzi.

 

 

Pilbara neMRL, vane chikamu chepamusoro chekutengesa kwemahara kwemusika, vakaburitsa yavo Q3 2024 mishumo, ichiratidza matanho ekudzikisa mutengo uye kuderedzwa kwegwaro rekugadzira. Sezvineiwo, Pilbara inoronga kuvhara chirongwa cheNgungaju musi waZvita 1, ichitungamira kuvandudzwa kwechirimwa chePilgan. Munguva yekupedzisira kutenderera kwemitengo yelithium kubva muna 2015 kusvika 2020, chirongwa cheAltura chakatangwa muna Gumiguru 2018 uye chakamira kushanda muna Gumiguru 2020 nekuda kwenyaya dzekuyerera kwemari. Pilbara akawana Altura muna 2021 ndokutumidza chirongwa ichi kuti Ngungaju, achironga kuitangazve muzvikamu. Mushure memakore matatu ekushanda, iko zvino kwakagadzirirwa kuvhara kuitira kugadzirisa. Kupfuura mutengo wakakwira, sarudzo iyi inoratidza kudzikiswa kwekuita mukugadzirwa uye mutengo uchitarisa mutengo wakaderera welithium. Chiyero pakati pemitengo yelithium nekupa chachinja chinyararire, uye kuchengetedza kushandiswa pamutengo wemutengo mhedzisiro yekuyera zvakanakira nezvayakaipira.

 

4. Yambiro Yengozi

Kuenderera mberi nekukura kusingatarisirwe mukugadzirwa kwemotokari itsva uye kutengesa, kuchekwa kwekugadzirwa kwemigodhi kusingatarisirwe, uye zviitiko zvezvakatipoteredza.

 

III. Zvishandiso zveNickel uye Cobalt

Nickel necobalt zvine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana. Heano mamwe enzvimbo dzakakosha dzekushandisa:

 

1.Battery Manufacturing

 

(1) Lithium-Ion Mabhatiri: Nickel uye cobalt zvinhu zvakakosha zvecathode zvinhu mu lithium-ion mabhatiri, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari dzemagetsi (EVs) uye inotakurika zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi senge smartphones uye laptops.

(2)Solid-State Mabhatiri: Nickel uye cobalt zvinhu zvakare zvine zvingango shandisa mumabhatiri akasimba-nyika, inosimudzira kuwanda kwesimba uye kuchengetedzeka.

 

 

2. Alloy Manufacturing

 

(1) Simbi isina ngura: Nickel chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwesimbi isina tsvina, inovandudza kusakara kwayo uye simba.

(2)High-Temperature Alloys: Nickel-cobalt alloys anoshandiswa mune aerospace uye mamwe epamusoro-tembiricha maapplication nekuda kwekunaka kwavo kupisa kupisa uye simba.

 

3. Catalysts

Kemikari Catalysts: Nickel uye cobalt zvinoshanda sezvinokonzera mune mamwe maitiro emakemikari, anoshandiswa mukunatsa petroleum uye makemikari synthesis.

 

4. Electroplating

Electroplating Indasitiri: Nickel inoshandiswa mu electroplating kukwidziridza kuramba kwecorrosion uye aesthetics yenzvimbo dzesimbi, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari, midziyo yemumba, uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

 

5. Magnetic Materials

Permanent Magnets: Cobalt inoshandiswa kugadzira yakakwirira-inoshanda magineti, ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumamotor, jenareta, uye masensa.

 

6. Zvishandiso zvekurapa

Midziyo Yezvokurapa: Nickel-cobalt alloys anoshandiswa mune mamwe maturusi ekurapa kuti avandudze kusaora uye kugarisana.

 

7. Simba Idzva

Hydrogen Energy: Nickel necobalt zvinoshanda sezvinokonzeresa muhydrogen simba tekinoroji, kufambisa kugadzirwa kwehydrogen uye kuchengetedza.

 

IV. Kushandiswa kweSolid-Liquid Separation Filters muNickel uye Cobalt Processing

Solid-mvura yekuparadzanisa mafirita anoita basa rakakosha mukugadzira nickel uye cobalt, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinotevera:

 

1.Ore Processing

(1) Pre-Kurapwa: Munguva yekutanga yekugadzirisa nhanho ye nickel uye cobalt ores, yakasimba-mvura yekuparadzanisa mafiritsi anoshandiswa kubvisa kusvibiswa uye unyoro kubva kune ore, kuwedzera kushanda kwemaitiro anotevera ekubvisa.

(2)Concentration: Solid-mvura yekuparadzanisa tekinoroji inogona kutarisisa simbi dzakakosha kubva kune ore, kuderedza mutoro pakuwedzera kugadzirisa.

 

2. Leaching Process

(1) Leachate Separation: Mukuita leaching process ye nickel necobalt, solid-liquid separation filters anoshandiswa kupatsanura leachate kubva kune isina kunyungudika mamineral akasimba, kuve nechokwadi kupora kunobudirira kwesimbi dzakabviswa muchikamu chemvura.

(2)Kuvandudza Recovery Rates: Inoshanda yakasimba-yemvura kupatsanurwa inogona kuwedzera kudzoreredza mazinga e nickel uye cobalt, kuderedza zviwanikwa tsvina.

3. Electrowinning Process

(1) Electrolyte Treatment: Munguva ye electrowinning ye nickel uye cobalt, yakasimba-mvura yekuparadzanisa mafiritsi anoshandiswa kurapa electrolyte, kubvisa tsvina kuti ave nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwemaitiro emagetsi uye kuchena kwechigadzirwa.

(2)Sludge Treatment: Iyo sludge inogadzirwa mushure me electrowinning inogona kugadziriswa uchishandisa yakasimba-mvura yekuparadzanisa tekinoroji kudzoreredza simbi dzakakosha.

 

4. Wastewater Treatment

(1) Kutevedza Kwezvakatipoteredza: Mukugadzira nickel necobalt, mafirita ekupatsanura akasimba-mvura anogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa mvura yetsvina, kubvisa zvimedu zvakasimba uye zvinosvibisa kuti zvisangane nemitemo yezvakatipoteredza.

(2)Resource Recovery: Nekurapa mvura yetsvina, simbi dzinobatsira dzinogona kudzoserwa, zvichiwedzera kusimudzira kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa.

 

5. Product Refining

Kuparadzana muKunatsa Matanho: Panguva yekunatswa nickel uye cobalt, yakasimba-mvura yekuparadzanisa mafirita anoshandiswa kupatsanura yekunatsa zvinwiwa kubva kune yakasimba tsvina, kuve nechokwadi chemhando yechigadzirwa chekupedzisira.

 

 

 

6. Technology Innovation

Emerging Filtration Technologies: Indasitiri iri kutarisa kune hutsva hwakasimba-mvura yekuparadzanisa tekinoroji, senge membrane kusefa uye ultrafiltration, iyo inogona kuvandudza kupatsanurwa kwakanaka uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba.

 

V. Nhanganyaya yeVithy Filters

Mumunda wepamusoro-chaiyo yekuzvichenesa kusefa, Vithy inopa zvinotevera zvigadzirwa:

 

1. Microporous Cartridge Sefa 

lMicron Range: 0.1-100 micron

lSefa Elements: Purasitiki (UHMWPE/PA/PTFE) poda sintered cartridge; simbi (SS316L/Titanium) poda sintered cartridge

lFeatures: otomatiki kuzvichenesa, kusefa keke kudzoreredza, slurry concentration